New firearms licensing rules spark criticism

New firearms licensing rules that came into force on 5 August are “tinkering around the edges” and fail to tackle real safety issues, according to BASC.

The Firearms (Amendment) Rules 2025 require two referees for shotgun certificates instead of one, and expand disclosure requirements to include all convictions except parking violations. Speed awareness courses, previously exempt, must now be declared.

“Highest standards of safety and responsibility”

Policing minister Dame Diana Johnson said the changes ensure “only those who meet the highest standards of safety and responsibility should be permitted to use shotguns or firearms”. She cited the Plymouth and Woodmancote shootings as “tragic reminders of what can happen when these weapons are in the hands of the wrong people.”

But BASC director of firearms Bill Harriman argues the referee change is pointless. “Adding a second referee will do nothing to enhance public safety,” he said. “In my 35 years at BASC, I am unaware of anyone refused a certificate due to their referee. If a referee’s suitability is questioned, police suggest the applicant approach another person.”

Mr Harriman wants a different approach: “If the Home Office really wanted to improve public safety, it would make it mandatory for GPs to add a marker to medical records of any patient who is a certificate holder.”

Such markers would help doctors alert police if patients develop conditions making gun ownership dangerous. The Department of Health introduced IT systems for this in 2023, but neither department can confirm how many GP practices use them. The Home Office rejected mandatory markers despite “overwhelming support” from police and shooting organisations.

“Seriously unsafe culture” within firearms unit

The rules follow recommendations after Jake Davison killed five people in Plymouth in 2021 using a legally held shotgun. An inquest found “catastrophic failures” in the licensing system – Devon and Cornwall Police had returned Davison’s gun weeks before the massacre despite his history of violence. The jury described a “seriously unsafe culture” within the force’s firearms unit.

Police must now interview partners or household members of licence applicants to identify domestic abuse signs or other unsuitability factors. Additional checks will prevent people with violent histories from holding licences.

The Countryside Alliance expressed similar concerns to BASC. Chief executive Tim Bonner, said: “While we support these changes, there can be no justification for further restricting gun ownership. The Government must address why we have an antiquated system with 43 separate licensing authorities, too many unfit for purpose.”

The rules apply across England, Wales and Scotland. Applications using old forms are accepted until 5 September, with further consultations planned later this year.

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