Everything you need to know about shotgun cartridges — from gauges, shot sizes and payloads to shot materials, wads, chokes and patterning. This section explains how gauge and shot size affect range and energy, the differences between lead, steel, bismuth and tungsten shot, and how choice of hull, wad and velocity influences patterns and recoil. Find practical advice on matching cartridges to purpose (clays, driven game, walked-up shooting, or pest control), testing loads through your gun, legal and safety considerations, and tips for storage and safe transport. Essential reading for shooters who want reliable performance, ethical shot selection and confident decision-making in the field.